Carbon Nitride Dots (CN-Dots)
Carbon Nitride Dots
(CN-Dots)
Carbon nitride dots (CN-Dots) can be recognized as a new generation of C-Dots with nitrogen heteroatom doping in their structure. CN-Dots are produced from citric acid and urea and purified extensively for uniformity. CN-Dots are identified as spherical shaped dots with a median diameter of 2.4 nm.
CN-Dots show good stability, high water dispersity, bright excitation-dependent photoluminescence (max emission at 475 nm when excited at 375 nm), and good biocompatibility.
CN-Dots show maximum luminescence emission in the blue range; however, due to characteristic excitation dependent emission property, the CN-Dots can emit in a wide range of wavelengths, allowing various uses in imaging studies.
The analytical spectroscopic measurements show that CN-Dots contain amine (NH2) and amide (CONH2) groups on its surface apart from the widely known carboxylic (COOH) and hydroxyl (OH) functional group presence on conventional carbon dots.
The high negative potential established due to these negatively charged functional groups on the surface allows better stability minimizing self-aggregation among dots. In addition, the excellent water dispersibility and biocompatibility allow CN-Dots to be used in various biological applications. For example, CN-Dots have been so far identified as capable of self-targeting specific pediatric glioblastoma cells, self-penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and as an excellent delivery platform for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with minimal adverse side effects incurred and increased potential of loaded drug efficacy.
Safety Information & Specifications
For the Material Safety Data Sheet for Carbon Nitride Dots, click here.
References
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- S. D. Hettiarachchi, R. M. Graham, K. J. Mintz, Y. Zhou, S. Vanni, Z. Peng, R. M. Leblanc, Triple conjugated carbon dots as a nano-drug delivery model for glioblastoma brain tumors, Nanoscale, 11 (2019) 6192-6205.
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- P. Y. Liyanage, Y. Zhou, A. O Al-Youbi, A. S. Bashammakh, M. S. El-Shahawi, S. Vanni, R. M. Graham, R. M. Leblanc, Pediatric glioblastoma target-specific efficient delivery of gemcitabine across the blood–brain barrier via carbon nitride dots, Nanoscale, 12 (2020) 7927-7938